Sustainable Financing for Human Resource Development in Botswana

Human Resource Development (HRD) is key for the achievement of macroeconomic outcomes such as economic growth and development. This is particularly true in development-deficient sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In addition, HRD is vital for the successful delivery of international commitments such as Agenda 2030 and aspirations such as national visions. In SSA countries, largely due to increased demand for HRD in the face of post-2007 and Covid-19 fiscal strictures, the public financing of pre-service HRD is problematic. The purpose of the paper is to test the applicability of this situation in Botswana. The paper, rooted in interpretive research philosophy, adopted the qualitative case study approach. This was a desktop study that used secondary data sources. It concluded that the Botswana case mirrors the SSA situation. Concluding, the general lesson ensuing from this case is that there is a need for sustainable HRD financing in the sub-region. [ FROM AUTHOR]

Public Revenue Diversification in Botswana During Crisis Times

To maximise social and economic welfare, governments need sufficient and diversified revenues. Due to global interconnectedness, public revenues are susceptible to macro shocks such as global financial crises and global health pandemics (e.g. COVID-19). Susceptibility to crises and pandemics necessitates revenue diversification, mainly, in mono-cultural economies such as Botswana. So, this paper aims to discuss revenue diversification initiatives in Botswana during crisis times. The paper, based on interpretivism, used the qualitative case study approach. Since it is a desktop study, it used secondary data sources. The paper concluded that the quest for public revenue diversification is yet to bear fruit, hence, an evaluation is impossible for now. The foregoing conclusion notwithstanding, the general lesson from the Botswana case is that public revenue diversification is imperative, particularly given post-2007 and COVID-19 fiscal strictures. Finally, revenue diversification does not happen in a vacuum. Therefore, it must be girded in public financial management reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Forum for Development Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)